• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to methods for producing electrical energy simultaneously with the production of molten iron from lump iron ore and solid fuels. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process of obtaining electric current by matching its production with the need for operation. The method involves the pre-reduction of iron ore in a shaft furnace under pressure and subsequent melting, in the gasification zone carbon carriers with a different content of Cfix (about 50% and about 70%) are used for melting gases containing oxygen, the resulting gas The reducing agent is directed to the direct reduction zone and the reducing gas converted there as a top gas is supplied to a generator set having at least one turbine. Carbon carrier loading into the gasification zone for smelting varies depending on the gas consumption of the generator set in such a way that, with an increased gas flow rate, volatile components of the charge increase and the use of C fix decreases, and with less gas flow, the amount of cast iron is reduced. mostly maintained constant. The device comprises a gasifier and a combined power unit with gas and steam turbines, a combustion chamber connected to the top gas removal from the shaft furnace and a steam turbine installation heat exchanger, which in turn is connected to the gas removal from the gas turbine. The device is equipped with at least two containers for coal, with one container for coal filled with coal with a high proportion C fixed, the other with coal with a small proportion C fixed, and the exhaust gas from the shaft furnace is connected to the combustion chamber of the steam turbine unit with a combustion chamber, and the gasifier for Melting in the lower part of the gasification zone for melting is equipped with an inlet pipe for supplying nitrogen or oxygen-poor mixture of nitrogen and oxygen. 2 sec. f-ly, 8 zp f-ly, 1 ill.
    公开号:SU1590048A3
    申请号:SU874203757
    申请日:1987-11-24
    公开日:1990-08-30
    发明作者:Фон Богданди Людвиг；Кепплингер Вернер；Штифт Курт；Папст Геро；Хаук Рольф
    申请人:Фоест-Альпине Аг (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to methods for producing electrical energy along with the production of liquid iron from
    lumpy iron ore and solid fuels,
    31.59
    The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process of obtaining electric current by matching its performance with the need for operation.
    The drawing shows schematically an apparatus for carrying out the method.
    The device contains a shaft furnace 1,

    into which lumpy iron ore is charged through the supply pipe 2 through a sluice system (not shown). together with the unfired: additives supplied through the supply: pipeline 3, the shaft furnace 1 is connected to the gasifier 4 for melting, in which coal and an oxygen-containing gas is produced by gas-reduction; Tel, supplied to the shaft furnace through the supply pipe 5, and c. the last is provided by the device gas purification and device 6 about: gas closures.
    The gasifier 4 for melting has
    supply 7 for solid lump carriers - 25 feedwater tank 30 with carbon lines, pipelines 8 and 9 for
    by a trap, from which nutrient is again taken with nutrient ca. 31 and supplied to lysis boiler 25. Gas containing oxygen is directed to the gasifier for smelting, depending on the ratio of the mixture that is regulated by regulating valves 33 and the branch of pipeline 9, which is separated from 34 Supplying oxygen and equipped with control valves 35 flows from the gas-and-gas valve to melt above the coke stele. From pipe 36 for nitrogen supply, a branch of pipe water 37 branches, also equipped with a control valve 38, which flows into the air supply pipe 21 of a press 22 for combustion air of a gas turbine installation.
    ; oxygen-containing gases and feeds 10 and 11 for carbon carriers, liquid or gaseous at room temperature, such as hydrocarbons, and
     for baked additives. In the gasifier 4, for melting, under the gasification zone, for melting, molten iron and molten slags are collected, which are discharged each separately through their own outlets 12 and 13.
    Inlet 7 for solid carbon lumps is fed from a minimum of two tanks for coal stocks made as coal bunkers 14 and 15, with one coal bin filled
    and the other
    coal with a large share of SF coal with a large. and with a large proportion of volatile constituents.
    Kuskova ore recovered in the shaft furnace 1 in the zone of the reduction in sponge iron, together with the additives burned in the zone of the direct reduction, is supplied to the connecting shaft furnace with a gasifier to melt the pipeline 16, for example, using a discharge screw (not shown ). On the upper part of the shaft furnace 1 there is a discharge pipe 17 for the flue gas generated in the direct reduction zone.
    . 0
    five
    0
    5 tank 30 feed water with
    0
    five
    0
    five
    0
    five
    This blast-furnace gas, after passing through the device 18 for cleaning and cooling the gas provided in the discharge pipe 17, goes to the compressor 19, and then is directed to the combustion chamber 20 of the gas-turbine installation. Then, combustion air compressed by means of a compressor 22 is supplied to the combustion chamber through the air supply line 21.
    The exhaust gas — exiting the gas turbine 23, which rotates the generator 24, is discharged through the recovery boiler 25, which forms the heat exchanger used to produce steam. The steam generated in the recovery boiler 25 is processed in the steam turbine 26, which also serves to rotate the generator 27. To form a closed thermodynamic cycle, the exhaust steam is condensed in the connected condenser 28, and the condensate through the condensate pump 29 is supplied to
    a degasser, from which the feed water is again taken with the help of the feed pump 31 and supplied to the utilization boiler 25. The oxygen-containing gases directed to the gasifier for smelting contain the ratio of the mixture, depending on the ratio of control valves 33, and branch pipe 9, branching from Oxygen supply pipe 34, and fitted with control valves 35, flows from the gasifier to melt above the coke bed. The pipeline 36 for supplying nitrogen branches off the pipeline 37, also equipped with a control valve 38, which flows into the air supply pipe 21 of the compressor 22 for the combustion air of the gas turbine installation.
    Between the flue gas compressor 19 and the combustion chamber 20 of the gas turbine unit, a branch equipped with an adjusting valve 39 is connected to a branch of the pipeline 40 by means of which a partial quantity of the top gas can be supplied to the combustion chamber 41 of the utilization boiler 25 of the turbine unit.
    The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown in the figure, but may be modified. For example, wherever gas cooling is provided for,
    This cooling is by means of heat exchange, which produces steam for a steam turbine plant.
    The proposed method is explained in more detail by two examples, of which the first one shows the method with a large gas flow rate by the generator set, and the second with a small gas flow rate by the generator set.
    Example 1. In a shaft furnace 1, for each ton of pig iron produced, 1550 kg of iron ore with 66.5% of Fe and 3.2% of gangue (acidic) -, as well as 50 kg of CaO in the form of non-, are loaded. . burnt lime and injected 300 liters of HjO. The supply of water to the shaft furnace is necessary, since otherwise the flue gas would be produced with too high a temperature that is not suitable for subsequent purification of the gas.
    The gasifier for melting loads 1500 kg of coal per ton of pig iron with a small fraction. The share is 50%, the proportion of volatile constituents - 35%; the residue is ash. Next, to the gasifier for melting, 710 m (normal conditions) of oxygen are supplied to each ton of pig iron in the injection plane a little higher, the level of the slag bath through the feed. . 1100 kg of sponge iron and additives for each ton of pig iron are unloaded from the shaft furnace 1 and loaded into the gasifier for smelting through pipe 16. 750 kg of coke per ton of pig iron are formed within the gasification zone to melt coal. A cast iron with a temperature is obtained, which yields the following chemical composition,%: C 3.78; Si 0.60; Mp 0.42; P 0.060; S 0.045.
    For each ton of pig iron, ashes brought from coal, gangue ore and loaded additives produce 325 kg of slag.
    The reducing gas produced in the melter gasifier leaves this gasifier at a temperature of 1000 ° C and, after cleaning and cooling, is directed, with temperature, to the zone of direct reduction of the shaft furnace. It is produced in the amount of 3445 m per 1 ton (normal conditions) of cast iron with the following chemical composition,%: CO 60.4; COj 3.0; Hj 31.6; N2 5.0; + HjS (approximately 1300 hours for: 1 million).
    x and.
    . s sh. and e-
    ; :
    Furnace shaft furnace 1,
    5900486
    the gas escaping from the cooling with injected water has a temperature. 3270 m of gas is obtained on (normal, conditions) cast iron with the following chemical composition,%: CO 47.6; CO 19.2;
    H, 27.9; 5.3
    HJS (approximately 80 h.
    ten
    25
    on 1 million).
    Its heat of combustion is 9023 kJ / m (normal conditions).
    Example 2. 1550 kg of iron ore with JC 66.5% of Fe and 3.2% of gangue (sour), and also 100 kg of additives (CaO in the form of unbaked lime and SiO) are loaded into each shaft furnace 1 for each toHHy of produced iron. 1000 kg of coal per ton of pig iron is loaded into the gasifier for melting with a large proportion of Sphi, with the proportion of Fix UG l being 70%, the proportion of volatile constituents 20%; the residue is ash. Next, 660 m (normal conditions) of oxygen per 1 ton of pig iron, namely 510 m (normal conditions) in the lower zone of the coke bed, through a pipeline of 8 and 150 m (normal conditions) above the coke bed, through pipe 9, are fed to the sazifikator;
    In a shaft furnace 1 for 1 ton of pig iron, 1150 kg of sponge iron and additives are discharged and fed through pipe 16 to the gasifier for melting. Within the gasification zone, 700 kg of coke per ton of pig iron are formed from coal to melt from coal. Cast iron is obtained with a temperature of 1450 C and with the following chemical composition, -%: C 3.85; Si 0.58; W 0.45; P 0.70; S 0.50,
    For each ton of iron, ash from coal brought from coal, gangue ore and loaded additives produce 250 kg of slag,
    The crude gas formed in the gasifier for melting is removed by temperature and, after purification and cooling, is supplied with a temperature of 850 ° C to the direct reduction zone. 2267 m of gas are produced. On 1 tv (normal conditions) of cast iron. Its chemical composition is as follows,%: CO 70.8;
    thirty
    35
    40
    45
    50
    COj 1.9; HJ 18.2; N 9.1 +
    HjS (about 1300 hours per 1 million).
    The flue gas produced in the shaft furnace has a temperature of 2092 m of gas per 1 ton (normal conditions) of cast iron. Its chemical composition is as follows,%: CO 51.7; COj
    27.0;
    Hj 11.5; Nj 9.8
    (about
    80 ppm for 1 million). The heat of gas combustion is 7,775 kJ / m (normal conditions).
    In accordance with examples 1 and 2, flue gas, due to the reducing conditions in which it occurs, is practically free from nitrogen oxides, there are only small contents of sulfur, so it can be used as a pure combustible gas.
    To reduce the formation of nitrogen oxides when the top gas is burned, the air charcoal for combustion of gas 1 is replaced by oxygen-poor or oxygen-free gas as it is obtained after installation 32, which decomposes air, and which is supplied via feed pipe 37,
    By directing nitrogen to the gasification zone, a mixture of oxygen and 5-21% nitrogen (or with any varying nitrogen content) is directed to melt. All the heat content of the used coal is distributed: to the larger amount of gas that has arisen, whereby the temperature of the r-ase at the level of maximum heat release is reduced. Heat, which, for example, when charging coal with a high proportion of fiks, in accordance with example 2, results in elevated temperatures, can be transferred; to higher zones by means of a gas diluted with nitrogen, thereby reducing the temperature level in the gasification zone to melt (shown as a solid line in the temperature response shown in the drawing) through the height of the gasification zone to melt (as opposed to the temperature indicated by the dashed line). characteristic, which is set when working in accordance with example 1). By reducing the temperature level, unwanted bonding of energy does not occur, for example, by means of a higher recovery of silicon, the cast iron content in the iron, although it would provide a higher portion of scrap in the converter steel plant, but large quantities of slag would also cause Loss of iron and heat with this. Therefore, due to the supply, the az0ta can be kept constant
    five
    0
    five
    0
    Q з g
    five
    silicon content in cast iron. Further, the top gas removed from the direct reduction zone is also diluted by this route and its heat of combustion is reduced.
    An increase in the temperature in the upper part of the gasification zone to melt to reach the outlet temperature of the reducing gas as in example 1, in the case of directing nitrogen through supply pipe 8, can preferably be achieved, as shown in example 2, by the amount of oxygen required in the gasification zone for smelting, it is divided into two partial volumes so that oxygen or a gas containing oxygen is supplied to the gasification zone for smelting through two supply lines 8 and 9, into complements of the belt as a tuyere, one of which (the supply conduit 8) is arranged directly above the slag melt, and the other (the supply conduit 9) is arranged in the space podsvodnom gasification zone to melt almost above the coke bed. In addition to oxygen, nitrogen is also supplied through the lower supply line 8. Oxygen supplied through the lower supply pipe 8 serves to gasify the coal, and oxygen supplied through the upper supply line 9 serves to raise the temperature in the upper part of the gasification zone to melt. An increase in temperature may also be necessary for the cracking of high hydrocarbon compounds, originating from the volatile constituents of the coal used and which may cause difficulties of a technological kind.
    By distributing the oxygen supply in the gasification zone to melt between the lower and upper supply lines 8 and 9 and changing the amount of nitrogen entering through the lower supply line 8, it is possible to adjust the temperature profile in the gasification zone to melt depending on demand.
    The reducing gas leaving the gasification zone for melting at a temperature of about 1000 ° C is purified in a known manner and cooled to the reduction temperature. In accordance with examples 1 and 2, it is routed completely through the direct zone.
    recovery. Since the resulting sponge iron under normal reduction conditions already has a degree of metallization of up to 95%, even with an increased gas supply, there is no change in the quality of sponge iron. Only the flue gas withdrawn from the direct reduction zone becomes more high-quality, since it is less consumed during the restoration work.
    Due to the greater amount of gas and the hotter gas supplied in accordance with the invention, it was also possible to restore low-value ores to the direct reduction zone, and to expand the palette using additive substances that bind sulfur. Along with limestone, for example, crude dolomite, unfired magnesite, and siderite ores can be used.
    The flue gas supplied to the generator set contains little sulfur and nitrogen oxides and is diluted with oxygen. The oxygen-poor combustion air, prepared by adding nitrogen, ensures the combustion of top gas with low flame temperatures, which means that no expensive secondary measures are required to remove nitrogen oxides.
    If liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons are supplied to the gasification zone to melt in addition to solid carbon carriers to quickly increase the gas supply, fine-grained calcined desulfurizers are added to the upper part of the gasification zone to melt .
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    Invention Formula
    1, A method for producing electric energy and liquid iron from lump iron ore and solid fuel, including direct reduction of iron ore to sponge iron in an overpressure zone, supplying carbon-containing fuel and oxygen-containing gas to the gasification zone to smelt the iron and oxygen-containing gas; gas to the zone of direct reduction, removal from the zone of direct reduction of colos0
    five
    , nikovogo gas to install ki electric t oka.
    0
    five
    0
    0
    five
    0
    five
    to get t l i - and with the fact that, for the purpose
    h and y n and
    increasing the efficiency of the process of obtaining electric current by matching its operation with the need for operation changes the type of fuel in the gasification zone depending on the need for the gas of the installation to produce electric current, and with a large demand for gas, fuel with a content of 50% is used, and with less gas demand, fuel with a content of .c of 70% is used, while maintaining the amount and composition of the pig iron produced constant.
    [2]
    2, Method, characterized in that fuel is additionally used in the form of liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons.
    [3]
    3, the method according to claim 2, characterized in that the blast furnace gas is burned in the chamber of the first step of generating electricity at a temperature lower, while nitrogen or oxygen-oxygen mixed with oxygen is added to the combustion chamber. Yes,
    [4]
    4, a method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sulfur-binding additives, CaCO3, MgCOj and FeCOj, are introduced into the direct reduction zone.
    [5]
    5, The way popp. 1-4, characterized in that with a small need for gas installation to obtain current when using coal
    with a Cc content of 70%, nitrogen is blown into the lower part of the gasification zone,
    [6]
    6, the method according to claims, 1-5, characterized in that a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen is blown into the lower part of the gasification zone with the following ratio of components, wt%:
    Nitrogen 5-25
    OxygenEverything Else
    [7]
     7. A device for producing electrical. energy and liquid iron from lumpy iron ore and solid fuel containing a shaft furnace for direct reduction with a lumpy ore loading unit, reducing gas supply, removal of spun t; a3a, sponge iron discharge unit connected to the smelting gas: a kotor that has oxygen-containing supply gas and fuel discharge gas exhaust connected to
    shaft furnace, cast iron and slag units, combined installation with gas and steam turbines, a combustion chamber connected to the exhaust gas from the shaft furnace, a steam turbine heat exchanger connected to a gas turbine exhaust pipe, a steam turbine heat exchanger, a different steam turbine installation, a different steam turbine installation the fact that the device is equipped with two tanks for storing coal with different contents of fmco connected to the fuel supply to the gasifier, and a pipe to the section, a drain valve, connected to one end tsom with top outlet
    gas shaft furnace, and the other - with the combustion chamber of a steam turbine installation.
    [8]
    8. The device according to claim 7 ,. characterized in that it is provided with a line supplying nitrogen or a nitrogen-oxygen mixture to the lower part of the melting gasifier.
    [9]
    9. The device according to paragraphs. 7 and 8 ,. characterized in that it is. equipped with a supply line of unfired additives in the shaft furnace.
    [10]
    10. Device on PP. 7-9, characterized in that it is provided with a main line supplying liquid or gaseous carbon-containing fuel in the melter gasifier.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US4861369A|1989-08-29|
    EP0269609A1|1988-06-01|
    IN168198B|1991-02-16|
    AT387038B|1988-11-25|
    MX164005B|1992-07-08|
    KR880006365A|1988-07-22|
    CN1010323B|1990-11-07|
    KR940004897B1|1994-06-04|
    CA1331517C|1994-08-23|
    ZA878836B|1988-05-25|
    ATA314586A|1988-04-15|
    DE3763959D1|1990-08-30|
    CN87108012A|1988-09-28|
    JPS63140016A|1988-06-11|
    PT86210B|1993-12-31|
    JP2677366B2|1997-11-17|
    CZ284106B6|1998-08-12|
    PT86210A|1988-12-15|
    CZ850587A3|1998-06-17|
    AU8131087A|1988-05-26|
    EP0269609B1|1990-07-25|
    DD273857A5|1989-11-29|
    BR8706486A|1988-07-12|
    AU603153B2|1990-11-08|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AT0314586A|AT387038B|1986-11-25|1986-11-25|METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR RECOVERING ELECTRICAL ENERGY IN ADDITION TO THE PRODUCTION OF LIQUID PIPE IRON|
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